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SQL Server: General Connectivity Troubleshooting Checklist

  • Check the server & instance name.

  • Check the SQL Server instance is using the required protocol. For example, TCP/IP is not enabled by default.

  • Check the SQL Server instance is configured to listen over the port you think it is.

  • Check the SQL Server instance is actually listening over the port. For example, use the following command:

    netstat -an | find "1433"

    This shows all processes active using port 1433.

    (If the SQL Server instance is configured to use a listening port that falls within Windows' ephemeral port range, that port will need to be reserved. See Various Windows Services Fail After Reboot.)

  • Check the firewall is allowing access to the desired port, and for all interfaces required (domain/private etc), and the desired scope (local subnet etc).

  • Check the SQL Server instance is allowing the desired authentication types, eg Windows authentication only or Mixed Mode (Windows authentication & SQL Server logins).

  • Check the username and password if using SQL Server logins.

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